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Epidemiology of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) among Hospitalized and Outpatients Frequent to Al-Lieth Kidney Unit (AKU)

Osama F Mosa, Mohammed A Fouad, Tariq Aa Zafar, Asmaa M Fahmy, Faleh Alyazidi and Mahmoud Rizk

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a syndrome characterized by decreased glomerular filtration. The spectrum of AKI ranges from minimal elevations in serum creatinine (SCr) to complete anuric kidney failure. Despite ample knowledge of the biologic basis of AKI, descriptions of the incidence, risk factors, sequelae, and outcomes of AKI remain relatively limited or have been based upon older descriptions without reflecting the most current definitions or practice patterns.

Aim of the study: Our study aims to assess the epidemiology of AKI among Saudi Patients attending to Al- Lieth Kidney Unit (AKU) that will contribute to define incidence and prevalence of the disease in Al-Lieth specific area via a structured Questionnaire that includes demographical data, medical information and measured diagnostic tests.

Materials and methods: The study was carried out on fifty patients in Al-Lieth Kidney Unit (AKU) compared with twenty five healthy control volunteers of matched age and sex. They were classified in accordance with KDIGO criteria.

Results: The mean age of patients in the AKI group was 53.44 ± 6.98 years while in control group was 51.08 ± 6.89 years, there was a significant increase in age in AKI group more than in the control group. eGFR was significantly decreased in AKI group than the control group. The most significant risk factors if present together in same person may lead to AKI disease, the risk factors were age, female sex, decreased eGFR, and decreased water consumption per day, diabetes mellitus and increase serum creatinine.