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Immunotherapy and Biomarker for Efficacy in Lymphoma

Hirotaka Nakamura, Nobuhiko Yamauchi

Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor (ICI), especially programmed cell-death protein 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1)/PD-L2 and the programmed cell-death protein 1 (PD-1) axis inhibitor, has become an essential part of treatment for patients with solid tumors, including melanoma, lung cancer and gastric cancer. As for hematological malignancies, ICI has also been introduced as one of salvage therapy against relapse or refractory (r/r) classical Hodgkin lymphoma (CHL). However, trials addressing the clinical efficacy of ICI against other types of lymphoma are still limited, and it has not been fully elucidated whether biomarkers currently used in solid tumors are also clinically applicable for lymphomas to predict the efficacy of these novel therapies. In this review, we introduce some types of lymphomas which potentially have sensitivity to ICI and discuss potential biomarkers to predict these therapies.