Журнал клинической и экспериментальной патологии

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Importance of Genomic Profiling: Applications for Breast Cancer Diagnosis, Prognosis and Prediction of Response

Yolanda Jerez Gilarranz

Breast cancer accounts for 30% of all tumors. Current incidence rates are high, and the estimated lifetime risk for women is 12.5% (i.e., 1 in 8 women will be diagnosed with cancer of the breast during their lifetime). Classically, breast cancer has been divided into two subgroups, which have different outcomes and prognoses depending on their response to hormone therapy (sensitive and insensitive). Other traditional prognostic markers include axillary lymph node status, tumor size, nuclear grade and histological grade. In the last decade, new technologies for analyzing the genomic profiles of human tumors have substantially improved our knowledge of the molecular classification of breast cancer. This development improves diagnostic accuracy and enhances the ability to individualize therapy for breast cancer, thereby leading to direct implications for patient management.