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Magnitude of Tuberculosis Cases Notified in a Municipality Epidemiological Profile, Risk Factors and Comorbities: A Temporal Analysis

João Pedro Arantes da Cunha

Introduction: Tuberculosis remains among the most prevalent infectious diseases worldwide; Risk factors include sociodemographic factors and comorbidities such as alcohol consumption, diabetes mellitus, the use of legal and illegal drugs and HIV. This research aimed to estimate the incidence of tuberculosis cases and describe the epidemiological profile of all tuberculosis cases reported to the National System of Notifiable Diseases in the city of Campo Grande/MS.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional survey of secondary data that analyzed all cases reported in the city from January 2014 to December 2019.

Results: There was a predominance of males (80.3%). The most affected age group corresponded to individuals of working age (20 to 59 years), with 84% of the total data. As for comorbidities, 70.5% had at least one. Smoking was the most prevalent health issue (27%), followed by the use of psychoactive substances, alcohol consumption and HIV/Aids co-infection (13.8%). Diabetes was the lowest rated disease, with 5.4%.

Discussion and conclusion: The data obtained points to the need to assess directly observed treatment (DOT) in the capital, given the alarming engagement rate of 3.8%. One third of tuberculosis cases were diagnosed in hospitals, supporting the hypothesis of delayed diagnosis. The incidence coefficient in the city was higher than the ones found in the state and in the country, especially in the years 2018 and 2019, with an incidence rate of 51.42 and 41.6, respectively.