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Hedra Samir Hanna Eskander
Flatfoot (pes planus) is common in infants and children and often resolves by adolescence. Thus, flatfoot is described as physiologic because it is usually flexible, painless, and of no functional consequence. In some instances, flatfoot can become painful or rigid, which may be a sign of underlying foot pathology.
Article focus: In this review will focus in details on different common types of rigid flat foot in Children and Adolescents which are Congenital vertical talus, Congenital tarsal coalition, Accessory navicular bone, Peroneal spastic flat foot without coalitions, Iatrogenic and post-traumatic flat foot.
Key messages: This review accurately assesses the rigid flat foot in children and adolescence to select those who will need early surgical procedures and describe the approach to the surgical management. Important considerations will be taken of preoperative planning and best surgical techniques.