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Pediatric Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia Presenting as Tongue Chloroma: Case Report

Olfat Khdair-Ahmad*, Ala’a Remawi, Amal Abu Ghosh and Nazmi Kamal

Chloroma is a rare extramedullary tumor consisting of immature myeloid cells. Occurring in 1%-2% of patients with Acute Myelogenous Leukemia (AML). In a significant proportion of cases, it displays myelomonocytic or pure monoblastic morphologic features, which correlate with the French-American-British (FAB) classification of AML M4 and M5 respectively. Cytogenetically, chloroma occurs in association with a variety of chromosomal abnormalities, including MLL rearrangement in V and T. Usual sites include the skin, soft tissue and lymph nodes. Tongue chloroma is extremely rare. Here we report a case of pediatric Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia (APL) presenting with tongue chloroma. Furthermore, the prevalence of myeloid sarcoma of the spine was 1.0% among all patients with acute and chronic myeloid leukemia.