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An Over View: Neuropathologic Changes and Neurometabolic Cascade in Traumatic Dementia Brain Injury

Anjum Shabnam

The pathology of a TBI is varied and typically classified as focal or diffuse. By definition, focal injuries are associated with moderate-to-severe TBI and typically result from direct head or brain impact (for example, gunshot wounds, blunt force, etc.). Cortical or subcortical contusions, lacerations, and intracranial bleedings (such as subarachnoid hemorrhage and subdural hematoma) are examples of focal injuries. After a traumatic brain injury (TBI), brain contusions are common, typically affecting the frontal and temporal poles, lateral and inferior aspects of the frontal and temporal lobes, and, less frequently, the inferior aspects of the cerebellum.